THE BRAZILIAN LEGISLATION AND RISK AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT

Abstract

Inundation and floods, along with mass movements are the types of natural disasters that cause the most deaths in Brazilian territory. This work aims to present a discussion about the Brazilian policy of coping with risk from the National Legislation, the state of Rio Grande do Sul and the municipalities of Estrela and Lajeado. After the implementation of Law 12,608/12, risk management made great advances with the application of programs, measures and centers, being a milestone for risk and disaster management in the country. In the municipalities of Estrela and Lajeado, disasters originating from hydrological processes are recurrent, despite legal guidelines. Factors such as soil sealing and channeling of rivers tend to aggravate the problem. It is observed that both municipalities address issues related to risk and disaster management in their legislation, however, the majority did so indirectly, with issues related to urban drainage, land use and urban zoning, limiting housing in Risk areas. Quality legislation with effective enforcement contributes to reducing the severity of disasters, focusing on sectors dedicated to risks and their management through public policies and urban and environmental legislation with an emphasis on territorial organization and with actions by the civil defense and protection system of the State and municipalities.