Implementation of the circular economy in Ecuador: a case study analysis

Abstract

Circular Economy (CE) has emerged as a key strategy to address global challenges related to the unsustainable use of natural resources and the environmental impacts of the linear economic model. CE seeks to maximize the utility and value of resources for as long as possible, which has led to its inclusion in various regulatory frameworks. In Ecuador, CE has gained growing interest in recent years, driving new initiatives and becoming increasingly integrated into public policy. In this context, the study provides a comprehensive overview of CE and its implementation at the local level. To achieve this, a systematic literature review of 28 case studies in Ecuador was conducted. The results show that CE encompasses a wide range of sectors, actors, principles, and strategies. Additionally, the study identifies opportunities arising from governmental interest in promoting CE through new business models based on waste valorization. However, challenges remain, including the lack of coordination between sectors and key actors, limited access to financing, and the absence of standardized metrics to evaluate circular progress and support evidence-based decision-making. Moreover, although many CE initiatives are aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), only a few explicitly establish this connection. These findings highlight the need to strengthen regulatory frameworks, develop effective measurement tools, and promote cooperation among stakeholders to consolidate the implementation of CE in Ecuador.