Gavagai - Revista Interdisciplinar de Humanidades
Gavagai – Revista Interdisciplinar de Humanidades é um periódico semestral publicado pelo Programa de Mestrado Interdisciplinar em Ciências Humanas da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, campus Erechim/RS. ISSN 2358-0666 | indexada em: Miguilim
This text pretends to show how the concept of landscape, as it relates to the ways in which cinema discusses and applies it in its filmic landscape, is also a way of expressing geography. Passing through an analysis related to the geography of senses and perceptions until understanding the filmic landscape as a preservation of an important historical section for the historical understanding of a certain landscape. It seeks to demonstrate that cinema and cultural geography are interconnected in the representation of the landscape, and the intersection of these areas tends to contribute to the ability to study the landscape and artistically shape it, allowing for the comprehension of geographical sections through cinema.
Copyright (c) 2024 Pedro Tabarkiewicz Tabarkiewicz de Lima, Michele Lindner
CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT THE MENTAL HEALTH OF INCARCERATED WOMEN
The Brazilian prison system, regulated by the Penal Execution Law of 1984, is designed to re-socialize prisoners, but faces serious problems of overcrowding and infrastructure, failing to reintegrate them into society. This bibliographical study focuses on the situation of incarcerated women, who, due to gender determinants, experience psychological suffering that is aggravated by institutionalization, whether due to separation from their children, unemployment or social disapproval of their behaviour. Women who face situations of social vulnerability within capitalist determinants become more susceptible to institutionalization, bringing with them psychological suffering that is determined by this system. To talk about the mental health of women prisoners is to consider economic, social and structural factors that place this section of society on the edge, making it necessary to take a critical look at these stigmas, seeking public policies and institutional improvements for their full reintegration into society.
Copyright (c) 2024 Lígia Nahiani Graciano, Beatriz de Morais Teixeira, Fabricio Duim Rufato
MEMORY AND OLFACTORY LANDSCAPES IN PERFUME – THE STORY OF A MURDERER, BY PATRICK SÜSKIND
Art is an important instrument for analyzing reality. Literary productions have been used as a method of investigation and interpretation of society as representations of social dynamics present in territories. The representations permeate different discussions that encompass the ability of the creators of the works to perceive, interpret and imagine the world, in addition to their communication skills and creation of bonds with the public. Therefore, it becomes pertinent to discuss the role of the senses in experiencing the world and the ability to interpret and communicate these sensory experiences. Historically, the sense of smell is despised by Western society, an aspect that is reflected in literary productions due to various limitations, such as the ability to perceive this sense and the linguistic barrier itself, which does not have adequate terms for olfactory description. Therefore, this text aims to discuss the presence of odors in literature and the construction of olfactory landscapes and mental images based on this sense, through the analysis of the spatial representations present in the book Perfume: The History of a Murderer, written by Patrick Süskind. To do this, we analyzed excerpts from the novel in which the author uses olfactory descriptions to compose scenarios and mental images, with theoretical guidance based on the concept of landscape and the potential of smell as an element of memory activation. We conclude that the sense of smell is a powerful activator of notions of imagination and memory and that olfactory descriptions have the potential to construct landscapes and mental images with a strong affective content.
Copyright (c) 2024 Yuri Potrich Zanatta, Vinicios Nalin, Nayla Ingrid Ramos Martins
THE DARDELIAN CONCEPT OF GEOGRAPHICITY REPRESENTED IN CONTEMPORARY BRAZILIAN LITERATURE
Based on the theorizations of Ernst Cassirer (1874-1945) regarding his philosophy of symbolic forms (Cassirer, 1923) and on the fundamental concepts of Éric Dardel concerning the spatial dimension of reality and geographicity (Dardel, 1952), the present text initially provides a substantive theoretical foundation on the concepts of reality and representation and their developments throughout the history of human thought. Subsequently, a theoretical-conceptual panorama is presented regarding the themes of the spatial dimension of reality present in both geographical reality (Dardel, 1952) and literary reality (Cardoso, 1985). Later on, applying a methodology of analysis somewhat Dardelian, the text presents three distinct analyses of different contemporary Brazilian literary works from the perspective of the representations of the relationships established between human beings and nature, bringing excerpts from the reference works and identifying the possible types of geographicities therein. Finally, ultimately, it is the interest of the authors of this text to promote reflections that address the relationships we currently have established with what we understand as nature based on its literary representations.
FEMINISM IN CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY THROUGH THE LENS OF THE FILM “I’M NOT AN EASY MAN”
Directed by Eleonore Pourriat, the film “I’m not an easy man” criticizes the intrinsic sexism in society in a fun and light way, using the comedy genre, and meeting its central goal of showing the feminist perspective on the sexist domination of society. The film deals with issues such as: roles of man and woman in society; inequality in the professional environment; objectification of the female body; and male supremacy in the family and in society, among others. By understanding that audiovisual representations contribute to reflections and investigations in the field of human sciences and, more than that, they are focused on specific territories, expanding understandings and interpretations of the world, our main objective in this study is to analyze how French women of middle class in contemporary society are portrayed in the character Damien in the film “I'm not an easy man”. This research is guided by the question: how are middle-class French women from contemporary society represented in Damien's character in the film “I'm not an easy man”? In order to develop this analysis, theoretical discussions were first held in the “brief theoretical notes” section, of which we highlight issues related to postmodernity and feminism. Then, in “analysis movements”, the synopsis of the French film and the two scenes that serve as corpus of analysis are presented. Moreover, in “pedagogical implications” the importance of cinema as an educational tool is addressed. It was concluded, through the analyses, from the perspective of the film, that middle-class French women in contemporary society deal with issues related to objectification of the female body, underestimation in professional environment, in addition to prejudice and inequality.
Copyright (c) 2024 Maruana Kássia Tischer Seraglio
THE CINEMA, THE FILMIC AND THE CINEMATIC
Over the last three decades, the number of papers that seek to investigate the correlation between geography, cinema and moving images has grown exponentially. The objective of this reflection is to bring considerations about the research possibilities that involve these fields. Therefore, we begin with an attempt to differentiate the terms “Cinema Geography”, “Filmic Geography” and “Cinematic Geography”, pointing out that they present specificities that must be taken into consideration when creating geographical problems. In a second moment, it focuses on the discussion of thematic paths that have already been developed by researchers and that can, without a doubt, be deepened.
Geography of Film; Film Geography; Cinematic Geography; Geographical Thematics of Cinema and Film.
Copyright (c) 2024 Karina Eugenia Fioravante
Christian theology distinguishes between cardinal virtues and theological virtues. Hope (spes) is one of the three theological virtues, along with faith (fidei) and love (caritas). Contrary to cardinal virtues, theological virtues are not humanly acquired, but divinely infused. This article considers the representation of the theological virtue of hope in contemporary cinema. It argues that the theological virtue of hope is represented in film through its placement in the daily existence of film characters. This is a way for hope to become a virtue that allows human life to partake in divine life. Yet this raises a generic question: what links exist between a virtue and a place? More specifically: what connections does cinema explore between the virtue of hope and places or spaces? I develop this reflection through the analysis of two films with significant differences: Silent Light (Stellet Licht, 2007), directed by Mexican Carlos Reygadas, with strong religious references, and the more secular Fire at Sea (Fuocoammare, 2016), directed by Italian Gianfranco Rosi.
Apresentação do dossiê temático Representações literárias e audiovisuais do território.
Copyright (c) 2024 Everton de Moraes Kozenieski, Fernando Rosseto Gallego Campos, Fátima Velez de Castro
WHY DEEPEN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIETY? ―SOME REFLECTIONS FROM LATIN AMERICA
If the economic process is an entropic transformation of natural resources, how do we maintain an intensive economic activity in using natural resources without changing the conditions for the development of human life on Earth? Attempts to answer this usually indicate the relationship between societies and the environment. However, it is sometimes forgotten that the gears of the economic system relate the environment and societies via energy exchanges. This essay presents a stimulus to understand the importance of deepening the society-environment-energy trinomial, especially considering that we are in crises, among which the socio-ecological crisis seems to be the most decisive. The analysis focuses on Latin America and the Caribbean as critical regions for supplying raw materials that feed the economic system.
Copyright (c) 2024 Axel Bastián Poque González
This article presents a discussion about the professional practice of professionals in the protection and care network for children and adolescents. The objective of the research was to understand the effectiveness of the network and the complexity of the work of its professionals in the name of protection that eventually converges in actions of loss of family power. To that purpose, interviews were conducted with different professional backgrounds, including: psychology, social work, pedagogy and law. All the professionals interviewed work in the same municipality located in the southern region of Brazil. The discussions lead to four main axes of analysis involving: working with families, with the judiciary, the meaning attributed to the work of the network and the effects on families. The analyses were conducted using the legislation and authors who problematize the subject, such as Foucault, Donzelot, Arendt and Sawaia, recognizing the knowledge-power employed in the social protection system. As a result, it was evidenced the work overload that makes it impossible to approach more recurrently and regularly with the accompanied families, as well as the suffering triggered in professionals who are spectators of the changes generated in the family nuclei after lawsuits.
CHARACTERIZATION OF MEN WHO ATENDED THEIR PARTNERS’ PLANNED HOME CHILDBIRTH IN WESTERN SANTA CATARINA
This article aims to present the characterization of men who were present during the planned home childbirth of their partners in western Santa Catarina region. The research followed the exploratory descriptive methodology, with a qualitative approach. 14 men who lived in the state of Santa Catarina participated in the research. The data was collected through online interviews, based in a semi-structured question guide. The characterization of these participants included information regarding age, marital status, education level, occupation, belief/religion, family income, city they live in, in addition to relevant information about prenatal care, childbirth and the postpartum period of these participants' partners, that was presented in a descriptive way through simple statistics. The results showed that the average age of the partners was 32 years old and 86% were married or lived in a stable union with a partner, all of them had at least completed high school, in relation to the profession, it was revealed that the main occupations among all were administration and engineering and the monthly income ranged from 3 to 10 minimum wages. Nine men were at prenatal care appointments of their partners and the decision of home childbirth was a consensus. Concluded that the presence of the man during partners’ planned home childbirth shows an important transition of the father's figure, making possible extrapolate stereotypes and prejudices that are still ingrained in society.
Copyright (c) 2024 Joice Moreira Schmalfuss, Sra., Mariéli Aparecida de Melo Ceolin, Sra., Leticia Zanotelli, Sra., Lediana Dalla Costa, Sra.
O presente trabalho busca conduzir os leitores a refletir sobre as questões envolvendo a masculinidade negra, partindo de uma construção sócio-histórica da formação desse sujeito enquanto homem negro, sua masculinidade, sua projeção social. Como questões ligadas a construção patriarcal hegemônica, machismo, feminismo e racismo podem influenciar na construção nos tipos de relações criadas em torno dessa parte da população. Como poderia o homem negro, protagonista de uma exclusão social, ser um exemplo de “chefe de família”, esquecendo as mazelas vividas e, buscar a contrapartida de um sistema que o marginaliza e sobretudo o classifica como um pai descuidado, através de uma cultura de superexploração e divisão social. O reconhecimento histórico da subjetivação do negro enquanto pessoa, torna-se importante ponto de análise para a compreensão do negro homem, mas também de como esse negro se vê sendo homem, pai e responsável pela sua família, partindo de uma construção de poder e assim corroborando com a ideia patriarcal.
Copyright (c) 2024 Jeferson Santos Araujo
INTERSECTIONS BETWEEN PARENTING AND SCHOOL LEARNING
The article investigates, based on an interdisciplinary stance, the relationships between parenthood and school learning through a State of Knowledge survey in the Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD). With the aim of stimulating the debate on the exercise of responsible parenthood as a mechanism to ensure material conditions and guarantee emotional support for schooling, we sought to identify the flow of academic productions, within the scope of Brazilian postgraduate programs, that contemplate perspectives and trends in studies and research on parenting and school learning in contemporary society. The documentary corpus, constituted based on the descriptors active parenthood/school learning, linked to the Boolean operator or, covers thirteen academic works. When analyzing the content of the works, it is understood that, despite being limited in number, it is possible to infer that the active paternal presence – effective and engaged – positively influences school learning – as in the entire process of human development – of children.
Copyright (c) 2024 Fernanda Schons, Guilherme José Schons
PARENTING AND EDUCATION FOR AND THROUGH LEISURE: INTERGENERATIONAL SUBSIDIES
Os compromissos parentais vão além de prover insumos para as condições adequadas de viver, abarcando, inclusive as estratégias de estímulo ao desenvolvimento saudável de crianças e jovens. Neste sentido, a educação para e pelo lazer, realizada de modo intergeracional, se torna elemento fundamental para esse processo. Entretanto, nem todos os pais estão cientes de como contribuir para a aquisição de hábitos saudáveis envolvendo o lazer. Este estudo teve por objetivo oferecer proposições de atividades intergeracionais, pautadas na educação para e pelo lazer, subsidiando e complementando os ditames da paternidade atenta, participativa e compromissada. O estudo teve uma natureza qualitativa, de caráter descritivo, com base em relato de experiência sobre a realização de um curso de formação docente em Sinop/MT, no qual foram propostas as atividades intergeracionais referentes a geocaching, construção de brinquedos e atividades esportivas, como slackline, “basquetão” e “vôlei de lençol”, para serem realizadas na escola, reunindo pais e filhos. Os dados reiteram a importância da valorização do lazer como direito social, difundindo a educação para e pelo lazer como formas de minimizar as barreiras sociais do lazer e ressignificar o papel imprescindível da paternidade participativa na criação de hábitos saudáveis.
Copyright (c) 2024 Cinthia Lopes da Silva, Gisele Maria Schwartz
This study aims to present an integrative review of literature of international and national empirical research on the influence of the paternal relationship on child development. The search for scientific publications was delimited between 2015 and 2021 on Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases. The descriptors were consulted in the list of Terminology in Psychology from BVS-Psi and the selected terms were “paternity”, “father-child relation” and “child”. In the end, 39 articles remained. They were read and analyzed in full. The results of these studies were analyzed according to Bardin thematic categorical analysis.. New places occupied by the father within the family are observed, as well as the implications of this change in the paternal attitude for child development and the configuration of new gender relations within families.
Copyright (c) 2024 Ângela Roos Campeol, Carolina Duarte de Souza, Maria Aparecida Crepaldi
Copyright (c) 2024 Jeferson Santos Araujo, Marcos Venicio Esper
CRIME OR LEISURE? LEGISLATION ON DRUG CONSUMPTION, PROSTITUTION, GAMBLING, HUNTING AND FISHING IN LATIN AMERICA Abstract: The objective of this study was to identify some legal devices that allow individuals to oscillate between canonical leisure and deviant leisure in frontier regions. It is possible to glimpse some points of convergence / divergence related to hunting / fishing, gambling, recreational drug and prostitution. Methodologically, we use as strategy for the collection of data the documentary research in the legislation of Latin American countries bordering Brazil. As it does not fit socially that any activity in free time is considered legitimate or even legal, the results allowed to verify the existence of other leisure processes in Latin America, as well as the complexity and the diversity of the configurations that are established in the social relations in border regions. We conclude that there is an association between prohibitionism and/or censorship of certain leisure practices and the mechanisms of restraint and disciplining processes. Keywords: Leisure. Sport. Recreation.
Copyright (c) 2023 Alexandre Paulo Loro, Giuliano Gomes de Assis Pimentel
REFLECTIONS AND RECEPTIONS FROM LOS HERALDOS NEGROS
Reseña del libro: VALLEJO, César. Los heraldos negros (poemas), estudio y edición crítica de Antonio Cajero Vázquez. San Luis Potosí: El Colegio de San Luis, 2020.
Copyright (c) 2023 Diana Rodríguez Vértiz
DOCÊNCIA NOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL E O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE SABERES SOBRE O TRABALHO INFANTIL DOMÉSTICO
O artigo, que é recorte de uma dissertação de mestrado desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Ciências Humanas, da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, apresenta uma pesquisa de Estado do Conhecimento que buscou identificar perspectivas e tendências acerca dos saberes experienciais docentes relacionados ao trabalho infantil doméstico, subjacentes às teses e dissertação produzidas em programas brasileiros de pós-graduação. A busca pelos trabalhos deu-se junto à Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações, a partir dos descritores saberes experienciais docentes e trabalho infantil doméstico, delimitando sua identificação aos títulos das teses e dissertações publicadas até o ano de 2019. Os documentos encontrados foram analisados, centrando-se na leitura dos títulos, resumos e palavras-chave, sendo a seguir organizados de acordo com os aspectos evidenciados em relação a dois temas principais, nomeadamente, saberes docentes e trabalho infantil doméstico
Copyright (c) 2023 Patricia Tassi, Adriana Richit
TERRITORY AND COLLECTIVE MEMORY IN THE AMAZON REGION OF THE STATE O PARÁ:
In this text we present part of the ongoing research on collective memory and migratory processes. Aiming to understand how the literature has dealt with the mechanisms of construction and obliteration of collective memory in the face of the circumstances of territorialization produced in singular spaces, especially in the paraense Amazon, we executed a bibliographic research of the narrative type. The understanding of the territory as a space endowed with certain material and immaterial characteristics allows us to question it as a fertile field of intelligibility in the formation of intersubjective and intrasubjective relationships. In addition, the study of collective memory helps to understand the continuities and discontinuities of the historical narratives of the subjects who inhabit the spaces. The problematization of existential territories in the subjection relationship that imposes on certain subjects the invisibility of their ways of life enables the construction of inventive agencies that promote visibility of local knowledge, a relevant aspect for interventions in the territory under the dialogic and transversal bias.
Copyright (c) 2023 Fernanda Cristine dos Santos Bengio
A DANÇA CIRCULAR NO RITMO DA SENSIBILIDADE E DO LAZER
This article intends to present contributions and reflections on the circular dance as a promoter of quality of life, based on the participants of the Ocara group, in Belém-PA and through an analysis that points out what benefits circular dance could promote to the lives of its practitioners. Being a qualitative research of participant nature, based on the phenomenological approach. A semi-structured interview with analytical treatment was used to verify these objectives, to which nine participants from the OCARA group were interviewed. The verified contributions pointed to the incentive in maintaining the practice of circular dance, promoting a playful and healthy experience to its participants, data that is congruent with the speech of the research subjects on the benefits of dance. KEYWORDS: Circular Dance. Sensible Education. Quality of life
Circular Dance. Sensible Education. Quality of life. Leisure
Copyright (c) 2023 Patrícia do Socorro Chaves de Araújo, Joelson de Souza, Rosangela DIAS
APROXIMAÇÕES INICIAIS ENTRE O LAZER NOTURNO NO BRASIL, ESPANHA E ARGENTINA
This text aims to compare the dynamics and meanings that young people attribute to the phenomenon Esquenta in Brazil, Botellón in Spain and La previa in Argentina, situating them as current manifestations of nocturnal leisure mostly experienced by young people. It is a theoretical, bibliographical and comparative study. From the analysis of the scientific productions that focused on the Esquenta, Botellón and La Previa, we observe a coincidence with regard to the senses that these three phenomena awaken in their participants, once they are connected to the fun, consumption of cheaper alcoholic beverages and autonomy in the way of having fun. In terms of dynamics, these three phenomena safeguard similarities and divergences. We can observe that the type of drink consumed in each of the phenomena studied are different, but the reason why young people seek this type of nocturnal leisure is convergent. There is similarity between the places chosen for Esquenta and Botellón, which occur mainly in squares and streets. The fans of La Previa also have fun in the squares and streets; however, this practice is commonly done inside the houses, according to current national legislation. Existing data in the academic literature on Esquenta, Botellón and La previa allow us to say that there is a convergence of meanings related to these phenomena and also shows how their dynamics safeguard particularities linked to local culture, the concrete conditions of the youth and the national political apparatus.
OS CLUBES SOCIORRECREATIVOS DO SÉCULO XIX E A INFLUÊNCIA NA CONSTITUIÇÃO DO LAZER REGIONAL E GLOBAL
The present study tried to discuss about the socio-recreational clubs of the 19th century in Brazil and their influence in the constitution of a way of thinking and acting in the scope of leisure. Whether in the microenvironment, or local culture, or in the macroenvironment, with global reach. The objective of this work was to understand the cultural dynamics of forms of sociability within the clubs, as well as to see their influence in the construction of (re)interpretations of the leisure experiences of the local community. For this, as a theoretical orientation, we carried out a descriptive exploratory study with theoretical support built on the analysis of texts produced about socio-recreational clubs. As a more relevant conclusion, it is possible to highlight that the clubs, during the 19th century, provoked a set of strategies to disseminate their ideas about a civility logic of leisure fun. This occurred through a network of sociability between the clubs, contributing to the dissemination of symbolic and practical issues across the country. Another aspect that deserves to be highlighted in the conclusion is that, despite the dominant groups – the club-going elite – prevailing, through various strategies, their way of thinking and acting on leisure entertainment, this did not happen passively, as several groups local communities have also established strategies for maintaining some of their traditional practices
GLOBALIZAÇÃO E ESPORTE DE AVENTURA DO CONTEXTO DO LAZER NA ESCOLA
This qualitative study aimed to investigate the content expressed in the GPT Chat about adventure sports at school. The study was developed through exploratory research, made with the insertion of the search terms “adventure sports definition”, to understand the concept and “adventure sports at school”, exploring this association. Data were analyzed using content analysis and indicate a simplified and minimized version of the concept, in which activities were associated only with the outdoor environment, to the detriment of other practice environments, such as indoor and virtual. There was emphasis on experiencing challenges and possible physical and mental risks. Examples of land, water, air and ice activities were cited and the importance of adequate training for safe practice was mentioned. Regarding the inclusion of adventure sports in the school, there was mention of the benefits at the physical, cognitive and social levels, in addition to the possibilities of expanding emotional, communication, teamwork, leadership and overcoming limits skills. The information is somewhat consistent with studies in the area, but the limitation and superficiality of this information are denoted, even though globalization may favor a greater range of information.
Globalization; Sport; Adventure; Virtual; School
Copyright (c) 2023 Viviane Kawano Dias, Ana Paula Evaristo Guizarde Teodoro, Gisele Maria Schwartz
APRESENTAÇÃO: DOSSIÊ TEMÁTICO LAZER REGIONAL E GLOBALIZAÇÃO
Apresentação Dossiê Lazer Regional e Globalização
UNCONDITIONAL LOVE AND BROKEN HEARTS IN SITA SINGS THE BLUES
In the feature film Sita sings the blues, director Nina Paley recreates some of the most striking episodes of the Ramayana, the epic Hindu poem on Rama’s heroic journey and the unconditional love of his wife Sita. In the film, however, the main character is Sita and not Rama. The story is presented from four different perspectives, which brings about in the viewers both a feeling of distancing from the historical context of the narrative and a feeling of psychological and personal proximity to universal patterns of behavior and sentiment which we can recognize immediately. The film underscores the power of myths and of classic stories, but does so in a way that is creative and light, without putting forth any thesis or philosophy. It is a praise of human complexities, of unconditional love, of the power of virtue, and of that which perhaps may deserve to be called our divine humanity.
Copyright (c) 2024 Rogério Passos Severo
APRESENTAÇÃO: DOSSIÊ TEMÁTICO DIREITOS HUMANOS, EDUCAÇÃO E TECNOLOGIAS
Copyright (c) 2023 Thaís Janaina Wenczenovicz, Luciano Andreatta Carvalho da Costa, Maria Cristina Schefer Cristina Schefer